Transit server elections you will not spoil. Though for half of country this magic word-combination from a daily lexicon of system administrators became a synonym of a word "falsification" very few people understands that is a question only of an integral part of computer system of information-analytical support of selective processes. This system very difficult also consists of set of the components constructed on "gland" (computers and remote terminal units), "software" (software) and "wires" (communication channels). One of big and very powerful computers who collects entering streams of the information, and name transit (transport, containing a transit database) a server. Without it all the rest to work is simple cannot. However, it in 2004 became object of attack of the mysterious hackers which names all well-known, but to name which after Victor Yushchenko's victory for some reason it is not accepted.
Now the server question is one of arguments of a tightening of process of preparation of preschedule parliamentary elections. Radicals from a coalition refuse to go on elections while it is not solved along with a problem of the state registry of voters and updating of personal structure of the Central Electoral Committee. According to the leader of communists Peter Simonenko, even prior to the beginning of campaign it is necessary to create «the precautionary mechanism concerning possibility of use of a parallel server for falsification of results of national will». The head of fraction of Party of regions Vasily Kiselyov is more categorical: «We do not want, that there was an electronic server». It it is live tells about how people of the president «take it under the control forces SBU», and then «will give out electronic page and with a joyful kind will tell: here to you results of elections».
It would seem, precedent really is. If three years ago the power tired out in a corner «something there himichila with electronics» where a guarantee, as now the president does not feel so tired out in a corner? However, listening to statements of representatives of a coalition for «a Central Electoral Committee server», the impression is made, that people at all do not imagine, about what there is a speech. Or, on the contrary, too well to itself represent — to nuances and trifles.
To begin with we as all this electronics works will understand also.
Uniform information-analytical system "Elections" automates selective processes at all stages, beginning from registration of participants and finishing the analysis of results of voting. Developers consider its as one of the most perfect in the world. In particular, the computer supervises formation of the territorial selective commissions, considering all legislative nuances concerning uniform distribution in them representatives of different political parties. The centralised account of an expenditure of budgetary funds on financing terizbirkomov is organised. By means of interaction with the central bank system of the Central Electoral Committee also has possibility in a mode of real time to trace movements under a selective abacus of parties, revealing deviations from norms of laws.
It is difficult to present, as now it is all it is possible to turn manually. There are things which in the old manner — with pieces of paper and calculators — cannot be made already simply. For example, to spend the detailed account of an expenditure of means in lots from the selective funds. To organise monitoring of use of advertising time on TV. To collect together numerous data about all candidates from long service records of each of tens parties participating in campaign, members of the territorial selective commissions and so forth
In day of elections the system solves the most responsible problem — supervises objectivity of calculation of voices. The territorial commissions accumulate reports from all polling districts, operators hammer data from them in computer "formochki" — on 75 interconnected positions in each report as it was on last parliamentary elections. If the computer reveals any discrepancies in figures, the report deviates — then the local commission should count all anew. Such cases happened, but only in error single instances quantities of the voices typed by parties concerned. The entered information from all 33 thousand sites in real time arrives in the Central Electoral Committee, and in three minutes becomes popular — is deduced on the big monitor of the press centre and published in the Internet. All! Observers need to verify only data in reports with figures on the screen. Now nobody can change secretly the report without that substitution became at once obvious. It is necessary to prove validity of any changes in data to the Central Electoral Commission.
Here this transparency of process also became one of the main problems of falsifiers in 2004. According to the main designer of "Elections" of Galina Mandrusovoj, the group of malefactors (we will not name surnames as business and is not has reached court) by all means needed to take under the control weigh a file of the information from regions to operate displayed in the press centre of the Central Electoral Committee a picture of voting and to make progress in a course to bring necessary for a victory of their candidate of updating in reports which are not entered yet into the computer. To change figures in system thus at all it was not required — was in a telephone mode to order "editing" of reports in those districts where conditions in the commissions have been for this purpose created enough.
The way of breaking has been chosen the idle time which was not demanding even attraction of highly skilled hackers. By means of the codes which were available at the disposal of the chairman of the Central Electoral Committee of Sergey Kivalova, remote access to a transit server of system through which there passes all information stream has been created. At once five not authorised users could operate computer "gate", blocking a stream, analyzing the arriving information, passing its portions on the discretion. The delay made two-three hours instead of the put two-three minutes about what madam Mandrusova has told subsequently in the Supreme court on process on business about cancellation of results of the second round of elections. It also became the main certificate of intervention in electronics from the outside, it and has served one of the major arguments for purpose of repeated voting.
Thus, the notorious transit server has played a role of an original safety lock, and all system has proved the efficiency in business of revealing of rough jugglings. Though the main things guilty and remained unpunished, hardly to someone now will come in a head to use unsuccessful experience of predecessors. It is more favourable to potential falsifiers to refuse server use in general, having created own independent structure for monitoring of process of will and calculation of voices. Difficult, expensively, but it is reliable.
Working out and support described above a computer large object since 1994 is engaged NPP in "Use" at corporation "Atlas" support, using the protected communication channels of "Ukrtelecom". Both firms have won in due time the tenders declared by the Central Electoral Commission. On places the technics is served now by the managers trained by developers who appoint the district commissions. In turn the Central Electoral Committee has created own group of support of system and from last year copes with a technical aspect independently.
As founders assure, safety of evolving system for three years has been considerably raised and even in any measure "peredozirovana". First of all the main problem is eliminated — protection against the chief »is entered«. Now nobody owns access codes individually. They are distributed by parts between the developer, a management of the Central Electoral Committee and Public service of special communication and information protection. Last from November, 7th, 2006 is allocated by the decree of the president from structure SBU in separate central enforcement authority with the special status. I.e. to provide the unobstructed not authorised access now, already not enough malicious intention of one person. Arrangement of heads of three independent structures is necessary: commercial, state and semipower, that is rather improbable.
Certainly, to crack all is possible. There were cases when hackers got into the protected systems even the Pentagon and NASA. Recognised geniuses of computer breaking spent years, came across on hot, went to prison, but sometimes nevertheless achieved the. As electronic data from regions arrive in TSVK not directly, and on switched channels "Ukrtelecom", it is theoretically possible to assume, that certain "jajtsegolovyj" the programmer can get to them access somehow. But to dispose of this information stream, it is necessary to study long network reports, to understand structure of data, to decode cryptogrammes etc. It is the whole abyss of time and efforts! And the main thing, what for? After all manipulation in figures in electronic form it is impossible to change results of elections! Adjusted totals are disclosed only after recalculation of voices on the basis of paper reports with the "wet" seals. For all history, by the way, the difference between the preliminary given and definitive results made a maximum the 100-th shares of percent, that, according to Galina Mandrusovoj, testifies to high reliability of its child.
Intervention in job of electronic system of calculation of voices in itself is not capable to affect results of elections in any way. It theoretically can be necessary only for a supply with information and cover of the falsifications which are carried out by different ways, and criticism of a server it fine understand. So, according to representatives KPU, claims to the system at them are not present — they are afraid only of manipulations with it in the course of a juggling. However already one only the existence the computer complex creates a serious obstacle for any attempts to affect process of calculation of voices. I.e. presence of such system in any case complicates a problem to hypothetical falsifiers. Absence — facilitates. "Car" functioning nowadays is is better protected from extraneous influences, than that, that worked on elections of 2004. Eventually to provide selective process in terms and the volumes provided by the current legislation, without the aid of electronic means it is impossible basically. So critics achieve that?
© 2007 Igor Meshov! Site support young russian teens from ss teens team. [On main]